Machine for swaging or reducing metal



F. L. JQUVE MACHINE FOR SWAGING OR REDUCING METAL Filed April 26 1920 3 Sheets Sheet l Aug; 28, 1-9 23. 7 i wmaz F. L. JOUVE MACHINE FOR SWAGING OR REDUCING METAL 4 Filed Aril 26 1920 3 sheets sheet 2 Aug. 28, 1923. 1,466,302

7 F. L. JOUVE MACHINE FOR SWAGING 0R REDUCING METAL Filed April 26 1920 5 Sheets=Sheei 3 the said friction rollers they s" m u t we :1 n t Ill-SEES QU'VE, Q32 seats, EBMGJE. I

-. swee s.

To all whom it may cmwcwt:

Be lmown that I, FELIX looms doom, a citizen of the Repiiblic of France, residing at ffaris, 3 Rue. de lfii'me, France, have invested certain new and useful l'maove ments in or Relating to Machines for wagiiig or Reducing Metal; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact de-- scription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the artto which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present application concerns a machine for producing a screw thread on. cold metal by means of dies.

Machines already exist which make a thread on red-hot metal by the means oi dies of the draw-plate type which open and close automatically, while by some mecha-.

nism adapted for the purpose, the piece of metal on which the thread is to be formed is revolved and moved forward to the extent necessary to obtain the required pitch. The machines do not give accurate results. One of the chief reasons for this is the difliculty of causing the work to revolve and move loi ward the exact distance requisite to enable the dies to resume contact with it every time in such a position'as to continue the thread with perfect truth. Another reason is that when heat is used most metals become more or less oxidized in the process and fragments lodge between the dies and the metal which preclude any accuracy in the formation of tee thread. i

The subject of the resent invention is a machine for forming i 1 without the applicatioii of heat and in which the feeding forward and revolving the metal to be threaded are carried out automatically to form a true thread without any special mechanism. This machine is obtained by the transformation of a friction drop baminer of the well known type which is fitted with hammers sliding in a groove across a revolving plate from the center outwards and pressing onto ring of projeciiing f xetion rollers in traveling" around and agaii'ist me dies c operated iiiaciiines have the diameter between which upon is placed. only .ised eitli: of a cylinder it conical, or, i i'oiie'liout {elm ,P'li" it to square, for li1- stance). The and more general use justifies "the some of Machines a rtreiiidi'e which they are known in France. The invention consists in transforming ma chine of this kind in the following manner:

The dies usually employed for work of the-sort mentioned above are exchanged for dies of the draw-plate type having elliptical holes in cross-section and fitted with stops. for regulating the stroke; the object of the latter being'tc prevent the dies from losing contact with the thread when they open and consequently, once the work is begun, to oblige the metal, while advancing androvolving as desired, to preserve an invariably accurate position as regards the said dies.

A secondary-feature of the invention consists in the provision, in the form of any suitable appliance, of a brake for the disc carrying the friction rollers, which has a tendency to be involved in the movement of the hammers which press by centrifugal force against it. This brake arrangement allows a larger 0?. smaller number of strokes to be obtained from the hammers per second according to whether the relative speed of the hammer shaft and. the friction roller disc is higher decided by the quality performed.

Byway oi example, one manner of constmiciiing t lie'thi'eading machine in question is (described below and shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. l is a di'ametrical sectionbf the part in front of the machine, with some of the parts in elemitioii.-

Fig. 2 is a fi'oi'it View, the device by which the course of the hammers is regulated having been taken away inorder to illustrate the working of the hammers.

Fig. 3 is also a front view, showing the arrangement of cams, which permits the reg ulation of the course of the hammers.

Fig. l represents the dies, which are of the draw plate type, and elliptical in shape. 5 and Fig. 6 represent a diametrical section and a front View of a special brake dei'ice for the friction rollers.

Fig. 7 represents a lateral elevation of the entire machine, partly in section.

liei'cl ring particularly to Fig. 7, it must be borne in mind that a friction drop hammer (of the well-known-type bere indicated), is principally composed of a rotatable of the work" to be or lower, the adjustment being in hm mum HQ "in some dig-me a the from part of the disc are a cc'rtain number of cavities in which he Eric-i011 rollers 11 are lodged; these contact with the smface of the cylinder Q11 the miter sida and. protrude to consifiex-ahL 2.1mm beyond it on the inner side. 'Fricttima drep hammers of the Wei known type in quest'wn Work in thc' foliuwing manna;-

When the shaft 1 is revslved' "rapidiy the hammers 4: and 5 are involved by centrifuforce in the mavemem, so that tneii' press firmly against the roilers '11 of the disc 10. In passing fromwemi relief to 2111' other, the two hamfners are 'imuiianwusiy thrust out from the cnter and then Siamneously thrust back mwards it this acfinn being); repeated indefiniteky. "iha piece of metal 0 12% npmted imam which hm Li 1 placed in the of the here 2 thus" rig-c5327.?" 5 through the inieri'nediary of tha dies 6 9,3162 7 a series of shocks which "forge, it into a shape cmres'pcnding with the 11mm: 561-- face of the dies. Tha friction Folio? dies LO Eyeing quite 30059 in is cavity is m a certain extent actuated in the turning: movamen'iv of the hammers z ainst he mfiezx' nnmbew m simkes per z'ninute given my ha hammgrs depends (m {he relation l'w'xwzim the speed of the s'hafi 1 and the n'mvemeni of the i firm mum Gian.

'tiqal sihe plane of junction bein e 0f aha vliipse and the smal Jaimie? or the eiilpss bemg. equal to that of t real w b3 obtained. For Instance,

e drawpiaiies with samicii'cuiar holes of a consideaably lzngar radius than that of the thread 20 be pzcduced. mighi be used, a suifi thicksw being ramoved 2%- the base to make the sn axis 0'? the elliptical figure] thus; fsrme the diameter-0f the thread required. The immmem 4. and are providgdwith gudgesns 12 and 13 working in slats 1 5: 15 placed apposite m one aneihel amass ifmpemer of a smali plate 16 secuwfi onto {ha fsront 0f the mwci'u'mev 0n with against sinus 17 and i8 m-(mnted on mzi: are unscrawed; me cam is placed dammed pasition, and the nut and e nut onmi more are ighi'ened up. A

aha disc bearing the friction 1'01} QIS may be supgfiad by means a, washer 19 5) "pressed firmly against the front surfase of the isc and, kepfi in phie by a safety 20 faszemd m ihel frame 8, for ins'bsjme by- JWQ screws 35. The pf'ezasul'e his wasbar brake 19 is obtained by a crtrin numb-s1 0? screws 21 screwed in'is Washer 122 seemeigr fastened to the from machine.

innseiy through the safety. washer 20 by the iniarmediary of a small 01 fiber 23 an the washer brake 19. Each screw 21 cmm'ies a, ratchet 25a and pawl in a'anti 'mainiain he pmssum.

for farming" a scmw thread ffiilowingg mamgw:

"The'pieee nf 2. {an} on which i315 mm is to ba wade inced into the axis of the in file dies G and At the first ike hammers the twe di -s are 4 we object be spem'md upon, scum; their approximateiy ellipy only meet it at flush" 9mmr'iis and Lb m pmduv'e 'vgry short pm'tions of 1. base screws rest on the metal or are forced against it,

turn ng each time after almost but not quite disengaging, they carry it with them as they revolve. It thus follows that though the piece of metal being operated upon is involved in the turning movement it does not revolve so quickly as the shaft. As it remains always in contact with the n'utformed by the two dies which turn more quickly than it, the piece of metal cannot do otherise than advance in the axis of the bore. It will therefore leave the machine automatically as soon as the thread is completed.

.According as to Whether the pitch of the thread be narrower or Wider and the furrow more or less deep, the action -of the dies should be more or less penetrating, that is to say, the effective force of the hammers 'must for example.

be greater or less. .This result can be ob tained by controlling the disk carrying the .friction rollers by. means of some suitable brake device, such as that described above,

If the disc carrying thefriction rollers were quite stationary the number of strokes per second would be equal to the number of rollers multiplied by the number of revolutions turnedby the shaft 1.

The radial speed of-a hammer is greater or less accordingjso whether it is forced against the protruding end of a roller with more or less rapidity.

The fact that the Work is performed by dies Without the use of heat causes an absolutely perfect and clean-cut thread to be produced even with soft metals, like copper, suchv as cannot be effected by turning down.

.When the'metal leaves the machine after receiving the thread it is increased in length to a degreecorresponding with the reduction in its diameter. There is no loss of material.

What is claimed is:-

1. Machine for producing screw threads 'in cross section, and devices for limiting to wards the exterior the course of said hammers, so that the dies completely release the metallic pieces.

2. Machine, as set forth in claim 1, includ in a brake device for the rollers.

, in testimony whereof I my signature. FELIX LOUIS JOUVE. 

